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Omentin 1 (Intelectin-1)

Obesity is strongly associated to the insulin resistance syndrome, which includes type 2 diabetes mellitus, and to an increased risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease [1]. Several studies have reported that visceral obesity (fat located within omental and mesenteric fat depots) is more closely associated with insulin resitance, type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease than is peripheral obesity (subcutaneous) [2]. However, the underlying mechanism is still unclear. Recently, a new protein Omentin 1 (also named Omentin, Intelectin-1, Endothelial Lectin HL-1 and Intestinal Lactoferrin Receptor) has been identified as a major visceral (omental) fat secretory adipokine [3]. Omentin 1 is a secreted protein of ~38kDa containing a fibrinogen-related domain that is highly expressed in the omental fat, and much less in intestine, lung and heart. Addition of recombinant Omentin 1 in vitro does not affect basal, but enhances insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in subcutaneous as well as in omental human adipocytes. Omentin 1 triggers AKT signalling in the absence of insulin [3]. Omentin 1 plasma levels measured by western blotting are decreased in obesity [4]. Omentin 1 is decreased in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), a disease associated with insulin resistance and obesity [5]. Glucose and Insulin negatively regulate Omentin-1 levels ex vivo and in vivo [5].

Omentin 1 (human) ELISA Kit (APO-54N-034)

Summary of features

	For the quantitative determination of human Omentin 1 from biological fluids (serum, plasma and cell culture supernatant)
	Monoclonal antibodies-based sandwich ELISA
	Detection limit: 0.4ng/ml
	Range: 0.5ng/ml to 32ng/ml
	Specificity : Detects only human Omentin 1
	Format: 96 wells (~80 tests)

Principle of the Kit

This assay is a sandwich Enzyme Linked-Immuno-Sorbent Assay (ELISA) developed for the direct measurement of human Omentin 1 (hOmentin 1) in biological fluids. A monoclonal antibody specific for hOmentin 1 is coated onto the wells of the microtiter plate. Samples and standards of hOmentin 1 are pipetted into the wells for binding to the coated antibody. After extensive washing to remove unbound compounds, hOmentin 1 is recognized by the addition of a biotinylated monoclonal antibody specific for hOmentin 1. After removal of excess biotinylated antibody, streptavidine-peroxidase is added. Following a final washing, peroxidase activity is quantified using the substrate 3,3’,5,5’-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB). The intensity of the color reaction is measured at 450 nm after acidification and is directly proportional to the concentration of hOmentin 1 in the samples.

Figure: Linearity of the STD curve.

Literature Overview:

1. Flier, J.S. (2004). Obesity wars: molecular progress confronts an expanding epidemic. Cell 116, 337-350.

2. Despres, J.P., and Lemieux, I. (2006). Abdominal obesity and metabolic syndrome. Nature 444, 881-887.

3. Yang, R.Z., Lee, M.J., Hu, H., Pray, J., Wu, H.B., Hansen, B.C., Shuldiner, A.R., Fried, S.K., McLenithan, J.C., and Gong, D.W. (2006). Identification of omentin as a novel depot-specific adipokine in human adipose tissue: possible role in modulating insulin action. Am J. Phys. Endocrinol. Metab. 290, E1253-1261.

4. de Souza Batista, C.M., Yang, R.Z., Lee, M.J., Glynn, N.M., Yu, D.Z., Pray, J., Ndubuizu, K., Patil, S., Schwartz, A., Kligman, M., et al. (2007). Omentin plasma levels and gene expression are decreased in obesity. Diabetes 56, 1655-1661.

5. Tan, B.K., Adya, R., Farhatullah, S., Lewandowski, K.C., O'Hare, P., Lehnert, H., and Randeva, H.S. (2008). Omentin-1, a Novel Adipokine, is decreased in Overweight Insulin Resistant Women with the Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: ex vivo and in vivo Regulation of Omentin-1 by Insulin and Glucose. Diabetes. Jan 03 2008 [Epub ahead of print].